Azerbaijan weather although predominantly subtropical, is characterized by the great variety of patterns found across the country. As a matter of fact, Azerbaijan weather has the unique honor of boasting about experiencing nine out of a total of eleven climate types found around the world! Understandably, weather in Azerbaijan is largely modified by each specific area’s altitude.
This great diversity in patterns that characterizes Azerbaijan weather is a direct result of the country’s unique geographical position, as well as its complicated landscape. Since the country is juxtaposed between the northern extremity of the subtropical zone, the south-eastern Caucasus and north-western part of Iran plateau, Azerbaijan weather is greatly influenced by its proximity to the Caspian Sea as well as air masses of different origin and the effect of the sun’s radiation.
As a general rule, Azerbaijan weather is predominantly characterized by mild and dry, its winters being mild although wet. Weather in Azerbaijan is typified by temperatures that range between 27°C in the lowlands and 5°C in the mountainous regions during the summer season. When winter sets in, temperatures hover around 3°C and -10°C, respectively. If you are planning on visiting the lowlands the best time to do so is between April and October when Azerbaijan weather is at its warmest and driest. If what you had in mind was experiencing the country’s mountainous regions, it’s strongly suggested you do so during the summer months of July and August.
Summer Azerbaijan weather in the central and east parts of the country is predominantly mild and dry, with very little rain falling along the coast of Caspian Sea. Understandably, the lack of abundant rainfall lends Azerbaijan weather a somewhat desert like interface.
Travelling towards the farthest south part of the country, conditions become very humid and rainfall increases sharply. Sitting below sea level , the far southwest of Azerbaijan experiences long and rather hot summers. Meanwhile, Azerbaijan weather becomes decisively milder the further inland and closer to the foot of the mountains one ventures.
Weather in Azerbaijan at altitudes above 3.000m is typified by very low temperatures and excessive snowfall that regularly closes roads, making traveling an almost impossible tasks for several months of the year.
Azerbaijan weather is typically semi-desert and dry desert along the central lowlands in Kur, the valleys of the Talish Mountains, the plains of Nakhchivan along the Araz river as well as the Caspian zone from the end of Samur River to the Gizilagaj gulf. Summers in these regions are extremely hot with mercury occasionally soaring to over 40C, while winters are generally warm.
The north and east hills of the Small Caucasus, the Ganikh-Eyrichay valley and the south hills of the Great Caucasus experience moderate conditions, typified by mild and rather dry winters. Across the Lankaran-Astara region Azerbaijan weather becomes moderately hot with dry summers, mild winters and rainy autumns. Cold and dry conditions dominate winters at the southeast hills of the Great Caucasus and mountainous regions of the Small Caucasus, with summers being predominantly cool.
The middle and high mountains of Nakhchivan AR experience a cold type of weather with cool and dry summers, and cold, snowy winters. Rainfall is evenly distributed across the year and weather in Azerbaijan is largely mild-hot at the mountainous forests in the south and north-east hills of the Great Caucasus. Winters in these regions are predominantly mild and summers warm.
Azerbaijan weather becomes cold with heavy rainfall throughout the year at the south hills of the Great Caucasus. Interestingly, at this part of the country no less than three climatic types can be found: forest, subalpine and alpine. While summers in the region are rather cool, winter conditions veer towards decisively very cold patterns.
Understandably, Azerbaijan weather at the area that covers the Great and Small Caucasus above 2700 m and Nakhchivan above 3200 m is classified as mountainous tundra. Both summers and winters are cold, with snow remaining on the landscape some times as late as the following winter.
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